Comprehensive, research-backed profiles on therapeutic peptides. Each guide covers mechanism of action, clinical evidence, legal classification, side effects, and verified sourcing.
GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
Read Full Profile → GLP-1 / GIPDual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist showing superior weight loss outcomes.
Read Full Profile → Investigational GLP-1/GIP/GCGRetatrutide is a first-in-class triple hormone receptor agonist activating GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors simultaneously. Developed by Eli Lilly, Phase II data showed up to 24% body weight reduction at 48 weeks — exceeding both semaglutide and tirzepatide. It represents the next frontier in metabolic therapeutics.
Read Full Profile →Reclassified to Category 1 under the February 2026 HHS announcement. Licensed 503A pharmacies can compound with a valid prescription.
Gastric pentadecapeptide studied for gut healing, tissue repair, and recovery.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Copper peptide researched for skin remodeling, wound healing, and hair growth.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Immune-modulating peptide for viral infections and immunodeficiency.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Growth hormone-releasing hormone analog for GH secretion and recovery.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Modified GH fragment studied for fat metabolism and metabolic support.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Tetrapeptide researched for telomerase activation and longevity.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Synthetic tuftsin analog for anxiolytic effects and immune modulation.
Read Full Profile → Category 1Nootropic peptide for neuroprotection and cognitive performance.
Read Full Profile → Category 1 — Legal via CompoundingKPV is a naturally occurring tripeptide derived from the C-terminal end of α-MSH. It retains potent anti-inflammatory properties without melanogenic (skin-darkening) effects. KPV has been studied primarily for inflammatory bowel conditions and systemic inflammation.
Read Full Profile → Category 1 — Legal via CompoundingMOTS-C is a mitochondrial-derived peptide discovered in 2015 at USC. Described as an 'exercise mimetic' for its ability to activate AMPK and improve metabolic function in ways paralleling physical exercise benefits. One of the most intriguing longevity research compounds.
Read Full Profile → Category 1 — Legal via CompoundingKisspeptin-10 is the shortest bioactive fragment of the kisspeptin family, acting on KISS1R to regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. It plays a critical role in puberty initiation and reproductive hormone regulation, with clinical applications in fertility and hormonal optimization.
Read Full Profile →Available for laboratory and research use. Includes FDA-approved compounds used off-label and investigational peptides in clinical trials.
TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring peptide present in virtually all human and animal cells. It has been extensively studied for its role in wound healing, tissue repair, and the regulation of actin — a cell-building protein critical to tissue regeneration and cell migration.
Read Full Profile → Research CompoundNAD+ is a coenzyme found in every living cell, essential for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cellular signaling. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age — approximately 50% between ages 40 and 60 — and this decline has been implicated in numerous age-related conditions. Injectable NAD+ has become one of the most popular compounds in longevity and biohacking communities.
Read Full Profile → FDA-Approved (Limited)Tesamorelin is a growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog that stimulates the pituitary to produce and release growth hormone. It is the only GHRH analog with FDA approval — specifically for reducing excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy (marketed as Egrifta). It has gained significant popularity for body composition optimization.
Read Full Profile → FDA-Approved (Vyleesi)PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a synthetic peptide analog of α-MSH that acts on the melanocortin receptor system. Unlike PDE5 inhibitors (Viagra, Cialis) which work on the vascular system, PT-141 works through the central nervous system to increase sexual desire. FDA-approved in 2019 as Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women.
Read Full Profile → Research PeptideDSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide) is a naturally occurring neuropeptide first isolated from rabbit brain tissue in 1977. It was named for its ability to induce delta wave (deep) sleep in animal models. DSIP has been studied for its effects on sleep architecture, stress response, and neuroendocrine regulation.
Read Full Profile → InvestigationalSS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Developed by Stealth BioTherapeutics, it has been in clinical trials for mitochondrial myopathies and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction. It represents a novel approach to directly targeting mitochondrial function.
Read Full Profile → Research PeptideIGF-1 LR3 is a modified version of insulin-like growth factor 1 with an extended half-life. The 'Long R3' modification replaces glutamic acid at position 3 with arginine and adds 13 amino acids to the N-terminus, dramatically reducing IGF-binding protein affinity. This results in a half-life of approximately 20-30 hours compared to ~20 minutes for native IGF-1.
Read Full Profile → Research PeptideFOX04-DRI is a modified peptide designed to selectively induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in senescent cells — cells that have stopped dividing but refuse to die, accumulating with age and secreting inflammatory factors. Published in a landmark 2017 Cell paper by researchers at Erasmus University Medical Center, it represents one of the most targeted senolytic approaches in longevity research.
Read Full Profile → Research PeptideVIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide with wide-ranging physiological effects including vasodilation, smooth muscle relaxation, immune modulation, and neuroprotection. It has gained particular prominence in the treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS) and biotoxin illness, largely through the work of Dr. Ritchie Shoemaker.
Read Full Profile → Cosmetic PeptideSNAP-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3) is a cosmetic peptide that reduces the appearance of wrinkles by modulating neuromuscular junction activity. It is an elongated analog of Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-3) with reportedly enhanced efficacy. Often referred to as a 'topical Botox alternative,' it works by a fundamentally different mechanism — inhibiting SNARE complex formation rather than cleaving SNARE proteins.
Read Full Profile → InvestigationalARA-290 (cibinetide) is a synthetic peptide derived from erythropoietin (EPO) that selectively activates the innate repair receptor (IRR) — a heterodimer of the EPO receptor and the β-common receptor. Unlike EPO itself, ARA-290 does not stimulate red blood cell production, avoiding the thrombotic risks associated with EPO while retaining its tissue-protective and anti-inflammatory properties.
Read Full Profile →These peptides remain on the FDA's Category 2 list due to safety concerns or insufficient human data. They cannot be legally compounded.
Ipamorelin is a selective growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates GH release through the ghrelin/GHS receptor. It is considered one of the most selective GH-releasing peptides — primarily stimulating GH without significantly affecting cortisol, prolactin, or aldosterone, a notable advantage over GHRP-6 and GHRP-2.
Read Full Profile → Category 2 — RestrictedLL-37 is the only cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide in humans. Produced by immune cells and epithelial cells, it is present in sweat, saliva, and breast milk. It plays a crucial role in innate immune defense and has significant interest in the CIRS and mold illness communities.
Read Full Profile → Category 2 — RestrictedMelanotan II is a synthetic analog of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that stimulates melanogenesis — the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin and hair color. Originally developed at the University of Arizona as a potential sunless tanning agent, it remains one of the most widely known (and controversial) peptides.
Read Full Profile →