Investigational

SS-31 — Elamipretide / Bendavia

Mitochondrial Protection. SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Deve...

Sequence
Tetrapeptide
Category
Investigational
Primary Use
Mitochondrial Protection
Administration
SubQ

What Is SS-31?

SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Developed by Stealth BioTherapeutics, it has been in clinical trials for mitochondrial myopathies and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction. It represents a novel approach to directly targeting mitochondrial function.

mitochondria cardiolipin ROS aging neuroprotection

Mechanism of Action

SS-31 selectively binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid exclusively found in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This interaction stabilizes the electron transport chain, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and maintains mitochondrial membrane potential. Unlike antioxidants that scavenge ROS after they're formed, SS-31 prevents excessive ROS generation at the source.

Key Research Findings

  • Mitochondrial myopathy — Phase II/III trials in patients with Barth syndrome showed improved 6-minute walk distance
  • Cardiac function — Preclinical data shows protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury
  • Renal protection — Animal studies demonstrate protection against acute kidney injury
  • Aging — Improved mitochondrial function and exercise tolerance in aged animal models
  • Neurodegenerative disease — Preclinical evidence of neuroprotection in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's models

Important: The evidence base for SS-31 varies by application. Many findings are from preclinical (animal or in vitro) studies. Large-scale human clinical trials may not be completed. Always evaluate the quality of evidence before drawing conclusions.

Known Side Effects

Clinical trials report generally good tolerability. Injection site reactions are the most common effect. Some participants reported headache and nausea. Long-term safety data continues to be collected through ongoing clinical trials.

Legal Status (2026)

Where to Buy SS-31 for Research

These verified suppliers carry SS-31 with third-party COAs and US-based shipping.

BP
BioPure Peptides
USA-made · 99%+ purity · WHO/GMP certified
  • Third-party tested with COAs on every batch
  • Ships from Chandler, AZ — free shipping over $200
  • 30+ peptides in catalog including blends and stacks
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